20 Nov 20 | Egypt, Opinion, Ruth's blog
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=”115594″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center”][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]One of the most challenging things about working for Index is being exposed, on a daily basis, to the realities and the horrors of repressive regimes. Every day there is another murder of a journalist, a book banned, a student arrested, a people, like the Uighurs, imprisoned. The bad news seems never-ending.
We are a small team, but we work with correspondents and activists across the world and every time we learn of a new arrest or attack there is that moment of fear – do we know them? When were we last in touch? What can we do? And if we don’t know them, it’s likely we know someone who does.
For every infringement, for every arrest, for every murder there is also an element of guilt – what more should we have done? When was the last time we focused on that country, on that fight? On that repressive regime? When did we last use our voices for them?
This was absolutely the case last night, when reports started to emerge from Cairo about the arrest of Gasser Abed El Razek, executive director of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR). The details are sketchy but it seems that Razek was arrested at his house in Cairo’s Maadi neighbourhood and no one knows where he has been taken.
This is the third arrest of EIPR staff in recent days; their ‘crime’ – briefing European diplomats on the current state of human rights in Egypt.
Administrative director Mohammed Basheer was arrested on Sunday while criminal justice unit director Karim Ennarah was arrested while on holiday on Wednesday.
All have been charged with joining a terrorist group, spreading fake news and other financing terrorism. All are now under pre-trial detention, in theory for 15 days, but under Egyptian law it could be two years.
There are currently 60,000 political prisoners thought to be incarcerated in Egypt.
We know that because organisations like the EIPR make sure that we do. The EIPR is one of the few remaining independent NGOs reporting on human rights in Egypt. And Razek has been one of the leading voices exposing human rights violations both in Egypt and across the Middle East for over 20 years. These arrests are not just an attack on free speech, but on the global community fighting for our collective human rights.
We stand with Gasser Abed El Razek, Mohammed Basheer and Karim Ennarah and we will keep reporting on them until they are freed.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][three_column_post title=”You may also want to read” category_id=”41669″][/vc_column][/vc_row]
09 Apr 19 | Campaigns -- Featured, Statements
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As Egypt’s President el-Sisi and President Trump meet in Washington, Index on Censorship and leading international human rights lawyers at Doughty Street Chambers are renewing calls for all charges and sanctions against Amal Fathy, detained for speaking out against sexual harassment in Egypt, to be dropped.
Fathy was arrested in May 2018 after posting a Facebook video about sexual harassment of women in Egypt. Fathy was charged with membership of a terrorist organisation and other related charges. She was released from prison after several months in difficult conditions, but she remains bound by debilitating bail conditions and under constant threat of being summarily returned to prison.
Her husband Mohamed Lotfy and their young son were also held after the night-time raid on their apartment in May 2018 but were released after several hours. Lotfy is co-founder and executive director of the Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms (ECRF), which has played a key role in increasing awareness of enforced disappearances, censorship, torture and violations of freedom of expression and association in Egypt.
Lawyers from Doughty Street Chambers, jointly with ECRF and Index on Censorship, have lodged complaints with the United Nations Special Rapporteurs on freedom of expression and the situation of human rights defenders regarding Fathy’s situation, and in July 2018 they raised Fathy’s case with the United Nations Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, which will begin its next session later this month.
Caoilfhionn Gallagher QC, Doughty Street Chambers, said: “Our client Amal Fathy spent 230 days in prison, in unsafe and unsanitary conditions, separated from her young son and family, simply for speaking out about the rights of women in Egypt. The threat of being returned to prison continues to hang over her. This is the reality of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi‘s regime. The US has a moral obligation to call on Egypt to quash her conviction and ensure she is truly free.”
Perla Hinojosa, Fellowships & Advocacy Officer at Index on Censorship said: “Index on Censorship urges Egypt to drop all charges against Amal Fathy and compensate her for the months she spent in prison. It must be acceptable to criticise sexual harassment in Egypt and we urge the government to address this important issue.”[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_basic_grid post_type=”post” max_items=”4″ element_width=”6″ grid_id=”vc_gid:1554819698259-37353be8-3f0f-9″ taxonomies=”25926″][/vc_column][/vc_row]
02 Apr 19 | Awards, Egypt, Fellowship, Fellowship 2018, Middle East and North Africa, News and features
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Ahmad Abdallah of Campaigning Award-winning Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms at the 2018 Index on Censorship Freedom of Expression Awards (Photo: Elina Kansikas)
The Egyptian government has waged an organised campaign against independent civil society groups and has become increasingly hostile to dissent. The Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms, winner of the 2018 Index on Censorship Freedom of Expression Award for Campaigning, is one of the few human rights organisations still operating in the country. ECRF continues to provide advocacy, legal support and campaign co-ordination, drawing attention to the many ongoing human rights abuses under the autocratic rule of Egypt’s president, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. Their work has seen them subject to state harassment, with their headquarters being raided and staff members arrested. Regardless of the challenges and threats they face, the organisation is committed to continuing their work.
The May 2018 arrest of Amal Fathy, activist and wife of Mohamed Lotfy, executive director of ECRF, for a Facebook post she made discussing her experience with sexual harassment, has been a major challenge for the organisation. Fathy was released from prison, but a two-year prison sentence still hangs over her, which can be enforced at any time by a court. This sentence has had a significant impact on Fathy and her husband, but the fight for her freedom continues.
“She had huge depression problems when she was in jail, so she’s trying to seek some medical assistance, but still having a verdict that can be implemented any time is very bad for her,” aid Ahmad Abdallah, head of ECRF’s board of trustees.
“Everyone in ECRF believes in freedom and freedom doesn’t come without a price, so everyone is willing to pay that price,” Abdallah added. “We believe in human rights for all Egyptians and we know that this is very precious.”
ECRF continues to expand itself, as they now have three offices outside of Cairo and help from 13 of the 27 governorates, the top-level of public administration, in Egypt.
“Every government in Egypt has different problems than other ones,” said Abdallah. “We don’t have a centralised approach, but rather a decentralised approach and this goes with our mission and vision because we help local human rights defenders; we help them to help themselves and their communities.”
ECRF has been able to help communities in the Aswan governorate, where ECRF has helped them with keeping migrants safe and supported. In the Delta region, which has a serious issue with Gaucher disease, an inherited disorder where a type of fat called glucocerebroside cannot be adequately degraded, ECRF has provided people with legal assistance in their fight to get the government to provide them with medication.
As they expand throughout Egypt, ECRF will continue to develop its capacity to monitor human rights violations. They develop this by training all of the people who approach them wanting to learn how to document violations in their local communities. “We host a lot of training for these human rights activists to give them the technical knowledge on not just how to document violations, but also how to lobby for this, and we provide them with legal assistance whenever needed,” said Abdallah.
A report by Human Rights First looks at how the treatment of prisoners in Egypt, who are often locked up for voicing their political opinions, has led to a drive in recruitment for the Islamic State. Abdallah, who himself was imprisoned and witnessed the radicalisation that often occurs, calls the prisons “terrorist-making machines”. “A lot of the time prisoners are forced to join Isis to take some benefits because they are the most organised body inside prison and a lot of the prisoners, they have nothing, so sometimes people in Isis provide them with food, and provide them with protection in prison,” he said.
ECRF has made their main priority in 2019 to challenge the death penalty, which has already been enforced at least 15 times since the start of the year, with around 50 people at risk of execution at any moment.
“With any other charge, people can have another chance for life, but with execution it’s already over,” said Abdallah. “So this year we are planning to lobby more against the capital punishment in Egypt and we hope that this will be successful,”
For ECRF, being an Index fellow has given them much recognition, which has been hugely important in opening the door to work with other big organisations such as Ushahidi, a technology company they are planning on working with, Abdallah added. “Being an Index fellow has put us on the map as a big organisation that has won such a respected prize. Mostly it helped us to crystallise our vision, and this is the biggest success that we have achieved.”[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_basic_grid post_type=”post” max_items=”4″ element_width=”6″ grid_id=”vc_gid:1554194959898-530a4dcb-1737-5″ taxonomies=”24136, 25926″][/vc_column][/vc_row]
08 Mar 19 | Awards, Campaigns -- Featured, Egypt, Fellowship, Fellowship 2018, Middle East and North Africa, Statements
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On International Women’s Day Doughty Street Chambers and Index on Censorship renew calls for the threat of arrest to be dropped for Egyptian women’s rights defender Amal Fathy.
Ms Fathy, who made a video about her experience of sexual harassment in Egypt, was arrested in May 2018. She was initially arrested with her husband Mohamed Lotfy, and their two-year-old son. Lotfy leads the Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms (ECRF), an award-winning organisation which coordinates campaigns for those who have been tortured or disappeared. Lofty and their son were released, but Ms Fathy remained in detention and was charged in relation to her social media post. She spent 230 days in prison on charges including “spreading fake news national security” and “belonging to a terrorist group”.
In July 2018 Index on Censorship, the Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms (ECRF) and counsel at Doughty Street Chambers, Caoilfhionn Gallagher QC, Jonathan Price and Jennifer Robinson, filed an appeal against Egypt with an expert United Nations body, the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention (WGAD). The appeal concerned Ms Fathy’s then ongoing detention and it called on the WGAD to issue a finding that her detention is arbitrary and in violation of Egypt’s obligations under international law, to call for her immediate release, and to ask Egypt to investigate her unlawful detention and to award her compensation.
Since the urgent appeal was filed, on 29 September 2018, Ms Fathy was convicted in relation to the first prosecution on charges of spreading fake news undermining national security and possessing indecent material and sentenced to two years in prison and a fine. Her appeal was dismissed on 30 December 2018. She has one final appeal to the Court of Cassation and was granted bail pending the appeal outcome. Her conviction was widely condemned, including by Amnesty International and by UN experts.
Ms Fathy also faces a separate state security prosecution which alleges belonging to a terrorist group. After significant international pressure and condemnation, she was released on 28 December 2018 with restrictive house arrest conditions pending trial. These restrictions were relaxed on 9 February 2019, but she remains at risk of imprisonment for exercising her internationally protected right to free speech and faces a further trial.
Index on Censorship, ECRF and counsel have continued to take action to secure justice for Amal Fathy. In recent weeks, on 25 February 2019, they filed further information with the WGAD at its request. The UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism, Fionnuala Ni Aoláin, in her report to the Human Rights Council, currently in session in Geneva, described Amal Fathy’s case as one part of a disturbing trend:
“Civil society actors of all walks of society – academics, prominent human rights defenders, such as Ms. Amal Fathy, a member of the Egyptian Commission for rights and freedoms, Mr. Cemil Tekeli, professor of law at Medeniyet University in Istanbul and a member of the International Jurists Union, Mr. Taner Kilic, Chair of Amnesty International Turkey, Mr. Saeed Baloch is the General Secretary of the Pakistan Fisherfold Forum and a member of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, as well as individuals working for national and international NGOs, bloggers, writers, lawyers, translators, doctors, artists, film directors, such as Mr. Oleg Sentsov, representatives of indigenous and minority groups, trade union activists, refugees as well as entire groups, such as women and LGBTI activists, religious and indigenous groups, even individuals from entire countries, are increasingly subjected to a range of overlapping harassment measures broadly linked to countering terrorism. Importantly, multiple allegations… point to the layered, overlapping and sustained nature of the measures taken to target members and groups of civil society. The ensuing exponential cumulative impact aims to discredit civil society as a whole.”
Caoilfhionn Gallagher QC of Doughty Street Chambers said:
“Amal Fathy spent 230 days in prison, in unsanitary and unsafe conditions, without meaningful access to her lawyers, and away from her family and young son. Despite having now finally been released on bail, she continues to face imprisonment for speaking out about the rights of women in Egypt. On International Women’s Day 2019, we call on the international community to condemn Egypt’s flagrant breaches of her basic rights to liberty, due process and dignity.”
“The voices of women who are silenced worldwide for speaking out against harassment must be heard,” said Index on Censorship chief executive Jodie Ginsberg. “How many of us would be willing to speak out against abuse and injustice knowing we would be forcibly removed from our loved ones and forced to languish in jail for doing so? We urge the international community to renew its condemnation of Egypt’s actions and show support for the rights of women and of freedom of speech.”
The organisations have requested the WGAD to:
- gather, request, receive and exchange information and communications from the Egyptian Government in relation to this case;
- render an opinion on Ms Fathy’s case, including her period in prison and the ongoing restrictions on her liberty, finding that Egypt has failed to adhere to its own obligations, and violated the rights of the complainants, under international law; and
- call for Ms Fathy’s unconditional release and for Egypt to award her compensation.
The next WGAD session will take place in April 2019.
Ms Fathy’s case has been covered widely in the media: here, here and here.
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